Academia de Ciências Políticas

30 de Abril Secondary School

Name _______________________________________________________________________                                                                                                                    2nd trimester

1st handout                                                    grade 11                                         day shift

1.First conditional

Form

It is formed with IF+subject+present simple+WILL+verb stem

e.g  If you work hard you´ll pass your exams.

Note 1. SHALL can be used instead of WILL and I and WE.

2. CAN or MAY can be used instead of WILL, but the meaning changes. There is less certainty.

e.g If you work hard, you may pass your exams.

3. The imperative form can be used.

e.g If you go out, buy some sugar.

Use

It implies that the event in the main clause will happen(or does happen) if the condition in the IF-clause is satisfied; a further implication is that the condition in the IF-clause is a possibility.

e.g If it rains, I’ll stay at home.

If I smoke, I feel ill.

2. Comparative and Superlative adjectives.

Comparative adjectives are used to compare one thing with another. They usually used with THAN.

e.g Paulo is taller than Vasco.

Superlative adjectives are used to compare one thing with two or more things in a group.

e.g Manuel is the tallest in the class.

Short adjectives of one syllable

Short adjective with one syllable use- ER to form comparative.

e.g smaller       younger.

Short adjective use –EST to form the superlative.

Smallest    youngest.

A one syllable adjective ending in one vowel +one consonant doubles the consonant to form the comparative and superlative.

Fat          Fatter          Fattest.

But this does not apply to adjectives ending –y -w or –x.

Slow              slower        slowest.          Grey       greyer            greyest.

Adjectives ending –E drop the –E when forming the comparative form.

Nice          nicer         nicest.

Many of the most commonly used adjectives have irregular comparative and superlative forms.

Adjective                                                               Comparative                                                    Superlative

Good                                                                       better                                                                best

Far                                                                           further or farther                                         furthest or farthest

Little                                                                       less                                                                    least

Many or much                                                        more                                                                 most