History of Tocantins

The History of Tocantins

 begins before the discovery of Brazil, when the current territory of the state was populated by xingus and txucarramães Indians.

Contents

1 Colonial Period

1.1 Sugar - Pre Colonial

1.2 hereditary captaincies

1.3 Flags

1.4 Settlement

1.5 Social structure and economic policy

2 Imperial Period

3 Emancipation

4 References

5 Bibliography

Colonial period [edit | edit source]

See also: Province of São Paulo, the Captaincy of Goiás, Province of São João das Duas Barras and Brazil Cologne

In the sixteenth century, in the context of mercantilist policy that focused on trade, the accumulation of wealth and possessions in the colonies and precious metals, appears inherent to the discovery (we use the term arrival, as the Indians already living here when Europeans arrived ), Brazil, the occupation process now known state of Tocantins.

The pre-colonial phase whose main reference is the arrival of settlers in April 22, 1500, brings to light interesting facts that permeate the beginning of the process of colonization of the regions that gave rise to the state.

The Treaty of Tordesillas, which divided newly discovered lands in mid-1494, would betray the king of Portugal, so later for fear of losing his younger territory to other countries organized his first expedition led by Martin Afonso de Sousa, this in 1530, since your calls Bodyguard expeditions did not show results against the corsairs and pirates who smuggled the Pau-Brazil.

Sugar - Pre Colonial [edit | edit source]

Main article: cane sugar Cycle

The Brazil, then a colony was administered by the metropolis both politically and economically. Everything was provided and / or consumed by the court and metropolitan citizens, whether they were precious metals or tropical products were such whom acquired.

Portugal, however, had plans to colonize their new land, and the process gave up the coast, with priority being given to the planting of cane sugar, the main export product of the time of the Portuguese crown. But this view also gave interested in the new land, opportunity to join the interior of Brazil; French, British and Dutch by the Northeast, where they would establish colonies as a basis for their future holdings. Needless to say that the tropical climate of the new land, mainly northeast, favored the cultivation of sugar cane that after processing into sugar had great acceptance in the European market.

Portugal would profit greatly from the production in Brazil.

Hereditary captaincies [edit | edit source]

Divisions of strips of land made by the Crown in order to better organize the territory, were the hereditary captaincies that turned out to be a big failure, because the distance from the metropolis, and the constant of Indians and pirate attacks. The saved the St. Vincent and Pernambuco, with results that pleased the king and traders.

Dutch established themselves in the northeast between 1630 to 1654, governed by Maurice of Nassau. However the sugar was already decadent starting process of internalization of Brazil.

Flags [edit | edit source]

Main article: Entries and Flags

With the conquest by the English, French, Spanish and Dutch further north of Brazil, they discovered the mouth of the Tocantins River from 1498. To convert the natives left the French Capuchin Father Yves d'Evreus. In the area now understood Maranhão, Pará, Tocantins and Amazonas and with the help of Tupinambás Indians had the intention to colonize the Amazon, across the enterprise Equinocial France. At that time there was not the village of Bethlehem, or the captaincies of Maranhão and Pará. They went up the Tocantins River, the mouth, were learning the language and habits of the natives of the region, founded factories in the Lower and Middle Tocantins and Araguaia Alto. the court can not exceed the Treaty of Tordesillas, secretly hired expeditions. Flags known, which gave its members the name of pioneers, were actually private expeditions, mercenaries in search of riches, were capable of the greatest adventures in the interior of Brazil.

In 1590 the first flag under Antonio Macedo command and Sundays Luis Grau started from Sao Paulo and after three years possibly reached the hinterlands of Goiás, in the east of Tocantins.

In 1690 appear in Minas Gerais the first blades of gold, later in 1718 in Cuiabá, so Goiás situated between these two states fueled the belief that also kept the precious metal in its subsoil. With this argument the pioneer Bartolomeu Bueno da Silva, Anhanguera managed license of the king of Portugal to explore the region. This move around Goias is that populated the region, so Anhanguera was not the first to set foot in the region, but the settler, as those who have been there before (Bandeirantes and Jesuits) were not fixated in the region, provided only their activities, exploring the first, and the second catechized after leaving.

Anhanguera, who was the son of the first Anhanguera who was in this region, accompanied his father years before, being mentioned in history as the man who set fire to alcohol in the presence of Indians to convince them that it was some kind of magician or shaman . It is known, however, that such a device was common among the pioneers, and the first one to use this ruse was Francisco Pires Ribeiro. From São Paulo on July 3, 1722, the route was known to the Rio Grande, but elements of nature as semi-desert regions of cerrado made many starve pioneers, such was the situation that the survivors had to eat monkeys, dogs and even some of his own horses.