Business Process Outsourcing

Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) é a terceirização de processos de negócios que usam intensamente a tecnologia da informação.

Dada a proximidade do BPO à indústria da tecnologia de informação, também é classificado como um serviço de tecnologia da informação ou ITES, sigla em inglês. Knowledge process outsourcing (KPO) e legal process outsourcing (LPO) são dois dos sub-segmentos da indústria de terceirização de processos de negócios.

India and China[edit]

The typical destinations of overseas IT outsourcing are India and Philippines for the American and European companies and China and Vietnam for the Japanese companies.

A combination of high overhead in the United States and strong cultural ties between the domestic and Asian information technology industries have led many companies to outsource labor-intensive software programming to Asia and Eastern Europe.

Although Eastern Europe has created a lot of competition for India in recent years, India has always been a major player in information technology (IT); they even make their own supercomputers for predicting monsoons. It wasn't until the Y2K bug emerged that the need for legions of cheap programmers really arose, however, and American companies began to see the potential for outsourcing overseas. After Y2K the IT service industry exploded, with American companies outsourcing everything from data entry to customer service to India and other Asian countries.

Despite its distinct advantages for companies looking to outsource their IT services, India's volatile political climate and rampant corruption present problems. Some of the 185 Fortune 500 companies that outsource software to Asia are choosing places like Vietnam or China with more predictable politics and less corruption. Other (mainly American) companies that outsource their customer service are finding that their customers prefer the Americanized English of the Philippines to the British English that predominates in India, though all of these countries have their drawbacks, from censored Internet lines in China and Vietnam to Muslim militancy in the Philippines.

Despite the hiccups the IT service industry continues to grow as the software industry becomes more competitive and U.S. companies try to reduce overhead. The Asian IT service market is still in its infancy, but by 2008 industry think tank Nasscom-McKinsey predicts a $17 billion IT service industry in India alone.[citation needed]

Latin America[edit]

Countries like United States and Canada usually seek nearshore outsourcing in Latin American countries like Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama, and others because of a closer cultural match and timezone.

Eastern Europe[edit]

In recent years Eastern Europe has also become a common ITO destination.[3] ITO to Eastern Europe allows Western European and North American companies to nearshore, remote insource, and in general benefit from timezone and cultural proximity. Countries like Belarus, Russia and Ukraine are common destinations for ITO within Eastern Europe.[4]

Outsourcing IT to Eastern Europe has been on the rise because of the low-cost but highly skilled labor available in this region, as well as its geographical